Complement Components Are Expressed by Infiltrating Macrophages/Activated Microglia Early Following Viral Infection

Infiltrating regulatory B cells control neuroinflammation following viral brain infection.

Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of a subset of B lymphocytes, regulatory B cells (Bregs), which modulate immune function. In this study, in vivo and in vitro experiments were undertaken to elucidate the role of these Bregs in controlling neuroinflammation following viral brain infection. We used multicolor flow cytometry to phenotype lymphocyte subpopulations infiltrating the b...

Early Infection Following Arthroplasty – Are Patients Protected?

This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article witho...

Microglia and memory: modulation by early-life infection.

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is critical for normal hippocampus (HP)-dependent cognition, whereas high levels can disrupt memory and are implicated in neurodegeneration. However, the cellular source of IL-1β during learning has not been shown, and little is known about the risk factors leading to cytokine dysregulation within the HP. We have reported that neonatal bacteri...

Retinal microglia are activated by systemic fungal infection.

PURPOSE We determined whether systemic fungal infection could cause activation of retinal microglia and, therefore, could be potentially harmful for patients with retinal degenerative diseases. METHODS Activation of retinal microglia was measured in a model of sublethal invasive candidiasis in C57BL/6J mice by confocal immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis, using anti-CD11b, anti-Iba...

Neuroinflammation following Viral Brain Infiltrating Regulatory B Cells Control